V.PURPOSE To characterize the effect of hepatic vessel flow using 4-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and correlate their effect on microwave ablation volumes in an in&nbsp;vivo non-cirrhotic porcine liver model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Microwave ablation antennas were placed under ultrasound guidance in each liver lobe of swine (n&nbsp;= 3 in each animal) for a total of 9 ablations. Pre- and post-ablation 4D flow MR imaging was acquired to quantify flow changes in the hepatic vasculature. Flow measurements, along with encompassed vessel size and vessel-antenna spacing, were then correlated with final ablation volume from segmented MR images. RESULTS The linear regression model demonstrated that the preablation measurement of encompassed hepatic vein size (β&nbsp;= -0.80 ±&nbsp;0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.15 to -0.22; P&nbsp;= .02) was significantly correlated to final ablation zone volume. The addition of hepatic vein flow rate found via 4D flow MRI (β&nbsp;= -0.83 ± 0.65, 95% CI -2.50 to 0.84; P&nbsp;= .26), and distance from antenna to hepatic vein (β&nbsp;= 0.26 ±&nbsp;0.26, 95% CI -0.40 to 0.92; P&nbsp;= .36) improved the model accuracy but not significantly so (multivariate adjusted R2&nbsp;= 0.70 vs univariate (vessel size) adjusted R2&nbsp;= 0.63, P&nbsp;= .24). CONCLUSIONS Hepatic vein size in an encompassed ablation zone was found to be significantly correlated with final ablation zone volume. Although the univariate 4D flow MR imaging-acquired measurements alone were not found to be statistically significant, its addition to hepatic vein size improved the accuracy of the ablation volume regression model. Pre-ablation 4D flow MR imaging of the liver may assist in prospectively optimizing thermal ablation treatment. Spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA) is a useful parameter reflecting physical and mental status of experimental animals. Here we aimed to establish a novel and simple method to assess mouse SLA using motion picture. Movement of C57BL/6 mice was continuously recorded by an infrared video camera connected with a single board computer. The geometric center of mouse outline in each frame was calculated using an image processing library, OpenCV in a programming language Python. Moving distance of the geometric center every second was utilized as an index of mouse SLA. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bpv-hopic.html Twenty-four hours assessment of SLA showed that mice repeated active and resting phase. Mice moved more actively during the dark period compared with the light period. Time-frequency analysis of SLA followed by unsupervised clustering classified their active and resting phase. Administration of a sedative, chlorpromazine (5&nbsp;mg/kg) abolished mouse SLA for 8&nbsp;h. In contrast, administration of a central nervous stimulant, caffeine (25&nbsp;mg/kg) increased SLA for 3&nbsp;h. In conclusion, we here established the automatic measurement system of mouse SLA using motion picture. This system is composed of common equipment and analysis software written in freely available programming language. We also confirmed that it is applicable for drug assessment. Syphilis has become a serious issue for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients worldwide in recent years; however, the studies related to HIV coinfection and syphilis reinfections in Istanbul, Turkey, are limited. Our objective was to determine the seroprevalence of syphilis among HIV-infected men in the city which has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates in Turkey. Two hundred and forty four (244) HIV-positive men were evaluated at Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Microbiology from March to June 2018. Serum samples were screened for the presence of antibodies against Treponema pallidum using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). Samples found to be positive were investigated with the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test and the T. pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA). The patients completed a questionnaire for sociodemographic data. The mean age was found to be 41.8 years; 35.6% were men who have sex with men (MSM). The overall seroprevalence of syphilis among the patients was 19.3%. MSM had a significantly higher seroprevalence than heterosexual patients (28.7%). In Turkey, there is a high seroprevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected patients, MSM being the most affected group. Therefore, HIV-infected patients should be screened for syphilis at least annually and should be informed about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Human trafficking is a pandemic human rights violation with an emerging paradigm shift that reframes an issue traditionally seen through a criminal justice lens to that of a public health crisis, particularly for children. Children and adolescents who are trafficked or are at risk for trafficking should receive evidence-based, trauma-informed, and culturally responsive care from trained health care providers (HCPs). The purpose of this article was to engage and equip pediatric HCPs to respond effectively to human trafficking in the clinical setting, improving health outcomes for affected and at-risk children. Pediatric HCPs are ideally positioned to intervene and advocate for children with health disparities and vulnerability to trafficking in a broad spectrum of care settings and to optimize equitable health outcomes. BACKGROUND Our objective was to describe trends and deaths in young children associated with opioid analgesics. METHODS Analysis of pediatric exposures using the RADARS System Poison Center Program from July 1, 2010 through December 31, 2018. Cases involving a child less then 6 years, with an exposure to one or more opioids buprenorphine, fentanyl, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, oxycodone, oxymorphone, and tramadol. Poisson regression was used to model the shape of the time response curve. RESULTS 48,560 cases were identified, median age 2 years (IQR 1.4, 2.0), 52.4 % male. The most commonly involved opioid was hydrocodone (32.5 %); buprenorphine and methadone had the highest exposure rates when adjusted for dispensed prescriptions (0.84 and 0.73 per 10,000 prescriptions). There were 28 deaths, methadone being the most commonly involved opioid (16). Exposures decreased significantly accounting for population (from 8.39 to 4.19 exposures per 100,000 children) and per prescription (from 0.33 to 0.